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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1.
Arrests
§1:10
What Is an Arrest
§1:20
Warrantless Arrests
§1:21
Probable Cause Requirement
§1:21.1 Establishing Probable Cause
§1:21.2 Temporary Detentions Based on Reasonable
Suspicion
§1:21.3 Exclusionary Rule
§1:30
Authority for Warrantless Arrests
§1:31 CCP
Art. 14.01. Offense Within View
§1:31.1 Warrantless Arrests by Peace Officers
§1:31.2 Who Is a Peace Officer
§1:31.3 Warrantless Arrests by Private Citizens
§1:31.4 Acts Constituting a Breach of Peace
§1:31.5 Acts Not Constituting Breach of Peace
§1:32 CCP
Art. 14.02. Within View of Magistrate
§1:33 CCP
Art. 14.03. Authority of Peace Officers
§1:33.1 Suspect’s Commission of Offense
§1:33.2 Suspect Found in Suspicious Place
§1:33.2.1
Places Found to Be Suspicious
§1:33.2.2
Places Found Not to Be Suspicious
§1:33.3 Assaults and Threats of Future Violence
§1:33.4 Authority of Peace Officers
§1:34 CCP
Art. 14.04. When Felony Has Been Committed
§1:34.1 Credibility of Information
§1:34.2 Escape of Suspect
§1:34.3 Insufficient Time to Procure Warrant
§1:34.4 Satisfactory Proof of Escape
§1:35
Preventing Consequences of Theft Under CCP Art. 18.16
§1:36
Rights of Police Officers Making Warrantless Arrests
§1:36.1 Fresh (“Hot”) Pursuit
§1:40
Pretext Arrests
§1:50
Sources of Probable Cause
§1:51
Information Gained From Victims
§1:52
Information Gained From Ordinary Citizens
§1:53
Information Gained From Police Officers
§1:54
Information Gained From Informers
§1:55
Information Gained From Anonymous Tips
§1:60
Suppressing Warrantless Arrest
§1:61
Art. 38.23 Jury Charge
§1:70
Arrests Under Warrant
§1:71
What Is an Arrest Warrant
§1:72
What an Arrest Warrant Requires
§1:72.1 Probable Cause Requirement
§1:72.2 Accusation of Criminal Conduct
§1:72.3 Signing by a Magistrate
§1:73 Who
May Issue Arrest Warrants
§1:74
Suppressing Arrest
§1:75
Suppressing Arrest Warrant
§1:75.1 Objections to Arrest Warrants
§1:75.2 Going Behind Affidavit and Warrant
§1:75.3 Article 38.23 Jury Charge
§1:76
Making Arrest
Chapter 2.
Search and Seizure: Property
§2:10
Constitutional and Statutory Provisions
§2:20
Search and Seizure — General Concepts
§2:21
Reasonable Expectation of Privacy
§2:21.1 In General
§2:21.2 Where Reasonable Expectation Exists
§2:21.3 Where No Reasonable Expectation Exists
§2:22
Exclusionary Rule
§2:22.1 Use of Evidence for Impeachment Purposes
§2:23
Attenuation Doctrine
§2:24
Standing to Object to Search and Seizure
§2:24.1 Defendants Who Have Standing
§2:24.2 Defendants Who Do Not Have Standing
§2:24.3 Abandoned Property
§2:25
What Constitutes a “Search”
§2:26
What Constitutes a “Seizure”
§2:27
Probable Cause for Searches
§2:28
Good Faith Exception
§2:29
Independent Source Doctrine
§2:30
Inevitable Discovery Exception
§2:40
Exceptions to Warrant Requirement
§2:41
Consents to Search
§2:41.1 Third Person Consent
§2:41.2 Consents Following an Illegal Arrest
§2:41.3 Valid Consents
§2:41.4 Invalid Consents
§2:42
Plain View Doctrine
§2:43
Plain Touch Doctrine
§2:44 The
Community Caretaking Functions of Police Officers
§2:44.1 The Cady Doctrine Community Caretaking
Function
§2:44.2 Emergency Doctrine (Exigent Circumstances)
§2:44.3 The Automobile Impoundment/Inventory Doctrine
§2:44.4 Crime Scene Exception
§2:45
Prevention of Destruction of Evidence
§2:46
Searches of Places Incident to Arrest
§2:47
Protective (Cursory) Searches
§2:48
Warrantless Entry of Residence Under Hot Pursuit
§2:49
Water Safety Checks
§2:50
Searches of Particular Places
§2:51
Curtilage
§2:52
Open Fields
§2:53
School Searches
§2:54
Administrative Searches
§2:55
Border and Border Checkpoint Searches
§2:55.1 Border Searches
§2:55.2 Border Checkpoint Searches
§2:56
Motor Vehicle and Bus Searches
§2:56.1 In General
§2:56.2 Investigatory Vehicle Stops
§2:56.3 Roadblocks and License Checkpoints
§2:56.4 Checking Identification Numbers
§2:56.5 Searches of Persons During Stop of Automobile
§2:56.6 Vehicle Inventory Searches
§2:56.7 Containers in Vehicles
§2:57
Homes
§2:60
Motions to Suppress Evidence
§2:61
Form: Motion to Suppress Physical Evidence (Search Without Warrant)
§2:62
Article 38.23 Jury Charge
§2:70
Searches Conducted With Warrant
§2:71
Applicable Statutes
§2:72 Who
May Issue Search Warrants
§2:73
Requirements of Affidavit
§2:74
Probable Cause Requirement
§2:75
Sources of Information Recited in Affidavit
§2:76 Age
of Information Recited in Affidavit
§2:77
Description of Place to Be Searched
§2:78
Description of Owner or Occupant of Premises
§2:79
Description of Property to Be Seized
§2:80
Misrepresentations in Affidavit
§2:81
Misstatements, Errors and Omissions in Affidavits
§2:82
Search Warrants for Persons
§2:83
Evidentiary Search Warrants
§2:84
Anticipatory Search Warrants
§2:85
Motions to Suppress Fruits of Search Warrant
§2:85.1 Motion to Suppress Physical Evidence (Search
With Warrant)
§2:86
Subsequent Search Warrants
§2:90
Objections to Search Warrants
§2:91
Article 38.23 Jury Charge
§2:100 Going Behind
Affidavit and Warrant
§2:110 Searches of
Persons Incidental to Search Warrants
§2:120 Execution of
Search Warrants
§2:130 Search
Warrant Returns
Chapter 3.
Search and Seizure: Persons
§3:10
What Constitutes “Search” of a Person
§3:20
What Constitutes “Seizure” of a Person
§3:30
Degrees of Intrusion on Individuals
§3:31
Stop and Talk (Mere Encounters)
§3:32
Investigative Detentions (Terry Stops)
§3:32.1 Degree of Suspicion for Investigative
Detention
§3:32.2 Scope of Detention
§3:32.3 Invalid Investigatory Detentions (Terry
Stops)
§3:32.4 Searches of Persons During Investigative
Detentions (Terry Searches)
§3:32.5 Plain Touch Doctrine
§3:33
Arrests
§3:40
Searches of Persons Incident to Arrest
§3:50
Searches of Persons During Stop of Automobile and Bus
§3:60
Searches of Persons Incidental to Search Warrants
§3:70
Inventory Searches of Persons
§3:80
Searches of Persons at Airports, Bus and Train Stations
§3:90
Invasive Body Searches
§3:100 Article
38.23 Jury Charge
Chapter 4.
The Right to Counsel
§4:10
Constitutional and Statutory Provisions
§4:20
Right to Counsel in General
§4:30
Fifth Amendment Right to Counsel
§4:31
Invocation of Fifth Amendment Right to Counsel
§4:31.1 Equivocal Invocation of Fifth Amendment Right
§4:31.2 Sufficient Invocation of Right to Counsel
§4:31.3 Insufficient Invocation of Right to Counsel
§4:31.4 Limited Invocation
§4:31.5 Invocation of Right by Suspect’s Attorney
§4:31.6 Reinitiation of Communication by the Accused
§4:31.7 When Officers Can Reapproach Suspect
§4:32
Waiver of Fifth Amendment Right to Counsel
§4:32.1 Valid Waivers
§4:32.2 Invalid Waivers
§4:40
Sixth Amendment Right to Counsel
§4:41
Invocation of Sixth Amendment Right to Counsel
§4:42
Waiver of Sixth Amendment Right to Counsel
§4:42.1 Valid Waivers
§4:42.2 Invalid Waivers
§4:43
Sixth Amendment Critical Stage Analysis
§4:43.1 Photographic Identification
§4:43.2 Police Lineup
§4:43.3 Handwriting and Voice Exemplars
§4:43.4 Dental Impressions
§4:43.5 Breath Tests and DWI Videotapes
§4:43.6 Confessions
§4:43.7 Arrest
§4:43.8 Arraignment
§4:43.9 Filing of Charges
§4:43.10 Examining Trials and Preliminary Hearings
§4:43.11 Indigency Hearings
§4:43.12 Psychiatric and Competency Examinations
§4:43.13 Trial
§4:43.14 Revocation of Probation
§4:43.15 Contempt Proceedings
§4:43.16 Motions for New Trial
§4:43.17 Appeals
§4:43.18 Discretionary Review
§4:43.19 Juvenile Proceedings
§4:43.20 Guilty Pleas
§4:44
Remedy for Sixth Amendment Violations
§4:50
Trial Court Duty to Appoint Counsel
§4:51
Statutory Provisions
§4:52
Right to Appointment of Counsel in General
§4:52.1 Ten-Day Rule
§4:53
Establishing Indigence
§4:54
Forms for Court-Appointed Counsel
§4:60
Conflicts of Interest
§4:61
Waiver of Conflicts of Interest
§4:62
Situations Where Conflict Is Presented
§4:63
Situations Where No Conflict Is Presented
§4:64
Duty of Trial Court
§4:65
Duty of Counsel
§4:66
Replacement or Withdrawal of Counsel
§4:67
Disqualification of Counsel
§4:70
Right to Self-Representation
§4:71
Statutory Provisions
§4:72 In
General
§4:73
Waiver of Right to Counsel
§4:74
Duty of the Trial Court
§4:74.1 Valid Waivers of Counsel
§4:74.2 Invalid Waivers of Counsel
§4:74.3 Waiver of Waiver of Right to Counsel
§4:75
Failure of Non-Indigent Defendant to Retain Counsel
§4:76
Stand-By Counsel
§4:80
Right to Counsel at Administrative and Prison Hearings
§4:90
Right to Effective Assistance of Counsel
§4:91 In
General
§4:92
Defendant’s Burden
§4:93
Duty of Counsel
§4:94
Raising Issue of Ineffective Counsel
§4:95
Ineffective Counsel
§4:95.1 Failure to Conduct Investigation
§4:95.2 Failure to Conduct Discovery
§4:95.3 Failure to Properly Carry Out Plea Bargaining
§4:95.4 Failure to Properly Advise on Guilty Pleas
§4:95.5 Failure to Properly Conduct Jury Selection
§4:95.6 Failure to Interview and Present Witnesses
§4:95.7 Improper Handling of Evidentiary Matters
§4:95.8 Improperly Handling Jury Charge
§4:95.9 Improper Handling of Punishment Phase
§4:95.10 Probation Revocations
§4:95.11 Appellate Matters
§4:95.12 Attorney-Client Relations
Chapter 5.
Self-Incrimination
§5:10
Constitutional and Statutory Provisions
§5:20
Constitutional Protections
§5:21
General Points
§5:22
Comparison of Federal and State Protections
§5:23
Times When the Fifth Can Be Invoked
§5:24
When the Fifth Is Applicable
§5:25
When the Fifth Is Not Applicable – Falsehoods
§5:26
When the Fifth Is Not Applicable – No Incrimination
§5:27
When the Fifth Is Not Applicable – Waiver
§5:30
Invoking the Privilege
§5:31
Privilege Must Be Asserted
§5:32
Calling a Witness Who Will Assert the Privilege
§5:40
Violation of Self-Incrimination Protection
§5:41
General Points
§5:42
Penalty Situation Threats
§5:43
Lack of Knowing Waiver
§5:50
Specific Situations
§5:51
Discovery During a Search
§5:52
Documents – General Points
§5:53
Documents – Voluntarily Prepared
§5:54
Fingerprinting
§5:55
Physical Characteristics
§5:56
Blood and Breath Tests
§5:57
Handwriting Samples
§5:58
Voice Exemplars
§5:59
Post-Conviction Rehabilitation Programs
§5:70
Psychiatric and Psychological Examinations
§5:71
Statutory Provision
§5:72
General Points
§5:73
Required Warning and Notice
§5:80
Pre- and Post-Arrest Silence
§5:90
Immunity Agreements
§5:91
Statutory Immunity Provisions
§5:92
Purpose & Policy
§5:93
Types of Immunity
§5:94
Authority for Immunity Agreements
§5:95
Procedure
§5:96
Double Jurisdictional Immunity
§5:100 Hearings on
Preliminary Issues
Chapter 6.
Confessions
§6:10
Constitutional and Statutory Provisions
§6:20
Custodial Interrogation
§6:21
“Custody” for Fifth Amendment Purposes
§6:21.1 In General
§6:21.2 “Custody” Status Test
§6:21.2.1
Subjective Intent
§6:21.2.2
Restriction on Movement
§6:21.2.3
Probable Cause
§6:21.2.4
Location of Questioning
§6:21.2.5
Focus of Investigation
§6:22
“Custodial Interrogation” Defined
§6:23
Agency Relationship
§6:24
Examples of Non-Interrogation in Custodial Setting
§6:24.1 Statements to Fellow Inmates
§6:24.2 Statements to State Caseworkers
§6:24.3 Spontaneous Oral Statements
§6:24.4 General and Routine Questions
§6:24.5 Overheard Statements
§6:24.6 Public Safety Exception
§6:24.7 Questioning by Civilians
§6:25
Non-Custodial Interrogation
§6:26
Examples of Non-Custodial Interrogation
§6:26.1 Statements to Probation Officers
§6:26.2 Traffic Stops
§6:26.3 Statements to Caseworkers
§6:30
Sufficiency of Warnings
§6:40
Going Before Magistrate
§6:50
Invocation of Rights
§6:51 In
General
§6:52
Right to Remain Silent
§6:52.1 Sufficient Invocation
§6:52.2 Insufficient Invocation
§6:53
Right to Have Attorney Present
§6:53.1 Sufficient Invocation
§6:53.2 Insufficient Invocation
§6:53.3 Invocation by Suspect’s Attorney
§6:53.4 Reinitiation of Communication by Accused
§6:54
Right to Terminate Interrogation
§6:55
Sixth Amendment Violations
§6:56
Right to Contact Consulate
§6:60
Waiver of Rights
§6:61 In
General
§6:62
Valid Waivers
§6:63
Invalid Waivers
§6:70
Voluntariness of Confessions
§6:71 In
General
§6:72
Involuntary Confessions
§6:72.1 Promises
§6:72.1.1
Promises Not Affecting Voluntariness
§6:72.1.2
Promises Affecting Voluntariness
§6:72.2 “For or Against”
§6:72.3 Intoxication
§6:72.4 Pain and/or Torture
§6:72.5 Deception or Misrepresentation
§6:72.6 Prolonged Interrogation; Lack of Food or
Sleep
§6:72.7 Force or Violence
§6:72.8 Psychological Tactics
§6:72.9 Lack of Intellect or Mental Impairment
§6:72.10 Language Barriers
§6:72.11 Use of Grand Jury Subpoena
§6:73
Subsequent Confessions
§6:80
Illegal Arrests and Subsequent Confessions
§6:81 In
General
§6:82
Attenuation Analysis
§6:82.1 Giving Miranda Warnings
§6:82.2 Temporal Proximity
§6:82.3 Intervening Circumstances
§6:82.4 Police Misconduct
§6:90
Oral Confessions
§6:91
Types
§6:92 In
General
§6:92.1 Form: Motion to Reduce Oral Statements to
Writing
§6:93
Admissibility
§6:93.1 Assertions of Truth and Discovery of Evidence
§6:93.2 Electronically Recorded Statements
§6:93.3 Statements Res Gestae of Arrest
§6:94
Prior Testimony of Defendant
§6:100 Custodial
Statements for Impeachment Purposes
§6:110 Miranda
Violations
§6:120
Voluntariness (Jackson v. Denno) Hearing
§6:121 Hearing Itself
§6:122 Findings of
Fact and Conclusions
§6:123 Voluntariness
Issue to Jury
§6:123.1 Statutory Provisions
§6:123.2 Application of Law
§6:130 Objections
to Admissibility
§6:131 Requirement of
Objection
§6:132 Nature of
Objection
§6:132.1 Lack of Voluntariness
§6:132.2 Inadequate Warnings
§6:132.3 Invalid Waiver
§6:132.4 Lack of Compliance With CCP Art. 38.22
§6:140 Taking
Written Confession
§6:150 Prosecuting
Written Confessions
§6:160 Juvenile
Confessions
§6:161 In General
§6:162 Custodial
Statements
§6:163 Voluntariness
§6:164 Sufficiency of
Warnings
§6:165 Oral
Statements
§6:170
Corroboration of Extrajudicial Confessions
§6:180 Out-of-State
Confessions
Chapter 7.
Rules of Statutory and Legal Interpretation
§7:10
Hierarchical Governance
§7:11
Statutory Law
§7:20
Rules of Statutory and Rules Construction
§7:21
Basic Rules
§7:21.1 Statutory Construction
§7:21.2 Rules Construction
§7:22
Statutory Intentions
§7:22.1 Statutory Law
§7:22.2 Case Law
§7:23
Statute Construction Aids
§7:23.1 Statutory Law
§7:23.2 Case Law
§7:24
Irreconcilable Statutes and Amendments
§7:24.1 Statutory Law
§7:24.2 Case Law
§7:30
Definitions of Words, Phrases and Terms
§7:31
Words and Phrases
§7:31.1 Statutory Law
§7:31.2 Case Law
§7:32
Common and Technical Terms
§7:32.1 Statutory Law
§7:32.2 Case Law
§7:33
Interpretations of Certain Words
§7:40
Headings
§7:50
Prospective Operation of Statutes
§7:60
Special or Local Provision Prevails Over General
§7:61
Statutory Law
§7:62
Case Law
§7:63
Doctrine of In Pari Materia
§7:70
Construction of Penal Code
§7:71
Applicability of Penal Code to Offenses Under Other Codes
§7:80
Constitutionality of Statutes
§7:81 In
General
§7:82
Basic Constitutional Principles
§7:83
First Amendment Considerations
§7:84 Due
Process Claims
§7:85
Specific Statutory Provisions
§7:90
Conflict of Laws Principles
§7:100 Ex Post
Facto Laws
§7:110 Separation
of Powers
§7:120 Computation
of Time
§7:130 Doctrine of
Stare Decisis
§7:140 Unpublished
and Plurality Appellate Court Opinions
§7:141 Court of
Appeals Unpublished Opinions
§7:142 Court of
Criminal Appeals Unpublished Opinions
§7:143 Plurality
Opinions
Chapter 8.
Double Jeopardy
§8:10
Basic Double Jeopardy Principles
§8:11
Constitutional and Statutory Provisions
§8:12
Basic Double Jeopardy Protections
§8:13
Blockburger Test
§8:14
Legislative Intent Test
§8:15
Allowable Units of Prosecution Analysis
§8:20
Previous Jeopardy and Subsequent Prosecutions
§8:21
When Jeopardy Attaches
§8:22
When Jeopardy Does Not Attach
§8:23
Previous Convictions and Subsequent Prosecutions
§8:24
Greater Inclusive and Lesser Included Offenses
§8:25
Previous Acquittals and Subsequent Prosecutions
§8:30
Multiple Punishments
§8:31
Multiple Punishments in Single Trial
§8:32
Multiple Punishments in Successive Trials
§8:40
Retrials and Double Jeopardy Clause
§8:41
Retrials After Mistrials
§8:42
Manifest Necessity
§8:43
Retrials Following Appeals
§8:50
Raising Double Jeopardy Claims
§8:51
Habeas Corpus Writs
§8:52
Special Pleas
§8:53 On
Appeal
§8:60
Remedy for Double Jeopardy Violations
§8:70
Double Jeopardy and Sentencing Proceedings
§8:80
Administrative Hearings and Double Jeopardy
§8:81
Administrative License Revocation Proceedings
§8:82
Probation Revocation Proceedings
§8:83
Parole Revocation Proceedings
§8:84
Jail Disciplinary Proceedings
§8:90
Prosecutions by Separate Sovereigns
§8:100 Civil
Penalties and Double Jeopardy
§8:110 Double
Jeopardy and Contempt Proceedings
§8:120 Basic
Collateral Estoppel Principles
§8:130 Collateral
Estoppel in Punishment Proceedings
§8:140 Collateral
Estoppel and Probation Revocation Proceedings
§8:150 Raising
Collateral Estoppel Claims
Chapter 9.
Bail and Bond Issues
§9:10
Right to Bail
§9:11
Statutory and Constitutional Law
§9:12 In
General
§9:13
Form: Sample Application for Writ of Habeas Corpus
§9:20
Defendant’s Burden to Object to Improper Bond Conditions
§9:30
Fixing Amount of Bail
§9:31
Existence of Outstanding Bonds
§9:32
Conformity With Previous Bonds
§9:33
Defendant’s Criminal Record
§9:34
Circumstances of Offense
§9:35
Ability to Make Existing Bond Amount
§9:36
Future Safety of Victim
§9:37
Threats and Actions of Defendant
§9:38
Cases on Pretrial Bond Amounts
§9:40
Specific Bond Conditions
§9:41
Statutorily Authorized Bond Conditions
§9:41.1 Ignition Interlock Devices
§9:41.2 Conditions Related to Victim or Community
Safety
§9:41.3 Conditions Where Child Is Alleged Victim
§9:41.4 Home Curfew and Electronic Monitoring
§9:41.5 Drug Testing
§9:41.6 Conditions Requiring Aids and HIV Instruction
§9:41.7 Conditions for Defendant Charged With
Stalking
§9:41.8 Submission of DNA Specimen
§9:42
Pretrial Bond Conditions (Upheld)
§9:43
Pretrial Bond Conditions (Not Upheld)
§9:50
Increasing Bond Amounts
§9:60
Denial of Bond
§9:70
Revocation of Bond
§9:80
Personal Bonds
§9:90
Release of Certain Mentally Ill Defendants
§9:100 Regulation
of Bail Bond Sureties
§9:110 Release of
Defendant Because of Delay
§9:111 In General
§9:112 Application of
Time Limit
§9:113 Readiness of
State
§9:114 Amount of Bond
Set
§9:115 Burden of
Party Seeking Relief
§9:120 Bond in
Family Violence Cases
§9:130 Appeal Bonds
§9:131 Applicable
Statutes
§9:132 Granting of
Bail During Appeal
§9:133 Conditions of
Appeal Bond
§9:134 Appeal Bond
Conditions (Upheld)
§9:135 Appeal Bond
Conditions (Not Upheld)
§9:136 Denial of Bail
on Appeal
§9:137 Revocation of
Appeal Bond
§9:138 Bail When Case
Reversed
§9:140
Constitutional Provisions
§9:141 Denial of Bail
in Capital Cases
§9:142 Denial of Bail
in Other Cases
§9:143 Form: Sample
Motion to Deny Bail
§9:150 Bond for
Post-Trial Habeas Corpus Applicants
§9:151 Statutory Law
Chapter 10. [Reserved]
Chapter 11. Examining Trials &
Grand Jury Hearings
I.
EXAMINING TRIALS
§11:10 In General
§11:20 Use of Witness
Testimony at Trial
§11:30 Use of
Defendant Testimony at Trial
§11:40 [Reserved]
II. GRAND JURY
HEARINGS
§11:50 In General
§11:60 Use of
Defendant Testimony at Trial
§11:70 Appearances
Before and Secrecy of Proceedings
§11:80 Use of Witness
Testimony at Trial
§11:90 Impact of
Selection Procedures
§11:100 Challenges to Indictment
on Due Process/Equal Protection Grounds
§11:101 Recognizable Classes
§11:102 Degree of
Under-Representation
§11:103 Systems Susceptible to
Abuse
§11:104 Second and Subsequent
Grand Juries
Chapter 12.
Pretrial Motions
§12:10 Filing and
Litigating Pretrial Motions
§12:11 Statutes
§12:12 Time Limits
for Filing Pretrial Motions
§12:12.1 Misdemeanors
§12:12.2 Felonies
§12:13 Pretrial
Hearings
§12:14 Form: Motion
for Additional Pretrial Motions
§12:20 Expert
Witness Assistance for Indigents
§12:21 Statutes
§12:22 Defendant Has
a Right to an Expert
§12:23 Defendant Must
Show Compelling Need
§12:24 Form: Motions
§12:30
Investigative Assistance for Indigents
§12:31 Statutes
§12:32 Investigative
Expenses Are Within the Discretion of the Court
§12:33 Record Must
Show Specific Need
§12:34 Counsel’s Duty to
Investigate Mitigation
§12:35 Form: Motions
§12:40 Recusal and
Disqualification of Trial Judge
§12:41 Constitution
and Statutes
§12:42 Difference
Between Recusal and Disqualification
§12:43 Recusal of
Trial Judge
§12:43.1 Application of Civil Rule
§12:43.2 Motion to Recuse
§12:43.3 Duty of the Trial Judge
§12:43.4 Appeals
§12:44 Form: Motions
and Order
§12:45
Disqualification of Trial Judge
§12:45.1 Basis for Motion
§12:45.2 Movant’s Burden
§12:45.3 Grounds
§12:45.4 Appeal
§12:46 Objecting to
Judicial Assignments
§12:47 Form: Motions
and Order
§12:50 Change of
Venue
§12:51 Statutes
§12:52 Motion Filing
Deadlines Do Not Apply
§12:53 Court’s Motion
for Change of Venue
§12:53.1 Procedure
§12:54 State’s Motion
for Change of Venue
§12:54.1 Procedure
§12:54.2 Contesting State’s Motion
§12:55 Defendant’s Motion for Change of Venue
§12:55.1 Procedure
§12:55.2 Defendant’s Affidavits
§12:55.3 Form: Motion and Affidavit
§12:55.4 State’s Controverting Affidavit
§12:55.5 Form: State’s Controverting Motion and Affidavit
§12:55.6 Grounds for Defendant’s Motion
§12:55.6.1 Prejudice
§12:55.6.2 Dangerous Combination
§12:55.7 Trial Court Must Hold a Hearing
§12:55.8 Preserving Error
§12:55.9 Appellate Review
§12:55.10 Changes of Venue by Consent
§12:60 Speedy Trial
§12:61 Constitution and
Statutes
§12:62 Texas Speedy Trial
Act
§12:63 Constitutional
Speedy Trial Motions
§12:63.1 Factors for Examination
§12:63.2 Length of Delay
§12:63.3 Reason for Delay
§12:63.4 The Defendant’s Efforts
§12:63.5 Prejudice
§12:63.6 Necessary Proof
§12:63.7 Remedy Is Dismissal
§12:63.8 Form: Motions
§12:64 Defendant’s Right
to Speedy Indictment
§12:64.1 Statutes
§12:64.2 Application of the Statute
§12:64.3 The State’s Burden
§12:64.4 Trial Court May Dismiss Case
§12:64.5 Defendant May Still Be Prosecuted
§12:64.6 Form: Motion and Waiver
§12:65 Mandamus to Enforce
Speedy Trial Rights
§12:65.1 Defendant May Petition for Writ of Mandamus
§12:65.2 Mandamus Not Appropriate for Speedy Trial Dismissals
§12:65.3 Form: Petition for Writ
§12:70 Joinder and
Severance
§12:71 Joinder and
Severance of Multiple Defendants
§12:71.1 Statutes
§12:71.2 Joinder
§12:71.3 Severance
§12:71.4 Grounds for Severance
§12:71.5 Timeliness of Motion
§12:71.6 Form: Motions
§12:72 Joinder and
Severance of Multiple Counts
§12:72.1 Statutes
§12:72.2 Joinder of Counts
§12:72.3 Severance of Counts
§12:72.4 Form: Motions and Supporting Brief
§12:80 Motion to Testify
Free From Impeachment by Prior Convictions
§12:81 Statutes
§12:82 General Points
§12:83 Test for
Admissibility of Priors
§12:84 Form: Motions and
Supporting Brief
§12:90 Indictments and
Informations
§12:91 Statutes
§12:92 Indictments in
General
§12:92.1 Allegations Required
§12:92.2 Allegations Not Required
§12:92.3 Sufficiency
§12:92.4 Variance
§12:92.5 Number of Convictions Authorized
§12:92.6 Election of Primary Act Relied on for Conviction
§12:93 Challenges to
Charging Instruments
§12:93.1 Statutes
§12:93.2 Motion Must Be Filed and Heard Before Trial Date
§12:93.3 Grounds for Challenge
§12:93.4 Defendant’s Burden
§12:93.5 Form: Motions
§12:94 Amendments to the
Charging Instrument
§12:94.1 Statutes
§12:94.2 What Is an Amendment
§12:94.3 Motion Must Be Filed Before Trial Date
§12:94.4 Procedure to Amend
§12:94.5 Form: Motion to Amend
§12:95 Dismissal of
Charging Instrument With Prejudice
§12:100 Statute of Limitations
§12:101 Statutes
§12:102 Purpose of the Statute of Limitations
§12:103 Computing the Limitations Period
§12:104 Asserting the Statute of
Limitations
§12:104.1 Pretrial Procedure
§12:104.2 Procedure During Trial
§12:105 Tolling Provisions
§12:106 Form: Motions Based on Statute of Limitations
§12:110 Identification Evidence
§12:111 General Points
§12:112 Reliability of Pretrial Identification Procedures
§12:113 Show-Up Identifications
§12:114 Photospread Identification Procedures
§12:115 In-Court Identification Procedures
§12:116 Voice Identification Procedures
§12:117 Form: Motion to Suppress
§12:120 Invoking the Witness Rule
§12:121 Statutes
§12:122 Purpose of the Rule
§12:123 Witness Cannot Hear Testimony
§12:124 Exceptions to the Rule
§12:124.1 Presence of the Victim
§12:124.2 Essential Witness
§12:124.3 Communication With Attorneys
§12:125 Violation of the Rule
§12:125.1 Disqualification of Witness for Rule Violation
§12:126 Appellate Review
§12:127 Form: Motions and Supporting Brief
§12:130 Entrapment
§12:131 Statutes
§12:132 General Points
§12:133 Pretrial Hearing
§12:134 Two-Prong Test for Entrapment
§12:135 Form: Motion to Dismiss
§12:140 Motions in Limine
§12:141 General Points
§12:142 Preservation of Error
§12:143 Form: Motions in Limine
§12:150 Pretrial Habeas Corpus Writs
§12:160 Competency of Defendant to Stand Trial
§12:161 Statutes
§12:162 Incompetent Person Is Not Subject to Trial
§12:163 Trial Court Must Inquire into Competence
§12:164 Competency Trial
§12:165 Appeal
§12:166 Form: Motions and Agreed Judgments Regarding Competency
§12:170 Guilty Pleas
§12:171 Statutes
§12:172 Waivers of Rights
§12:172.1 Right to Waive Trial by Jury
§12:172.2 Form: Waivers
§12:173 Guilty Plea Admonishments
§12:173.1 Admonishments Required
§12:173.2 Admonishments Not Required
§12:173.3 Failure to Properly Admonish
§12:173.4 Appealing Improper Admonishments
§12:173.5 Form: Admonishments
§12:174 Voluntariness of Plea
§12:174.1 Requirements for Voluntary Plea
§12:174.2 Challenging Voluntariness of Plea
§12:174.3 Involuntary Pleas
§12:175 Sufficiency of Pleas of Guilty
§12:175.1 Misdemeanor Cases
§12:175.2 Felony Cases
§12:176 Conditional Guilty Pleas
§12:177 Open Pleas of Guilty
§12:178 Pleas of Nolo Contendere
§12:178.1 Waiver and Consent to Stipulate Evidence
§12:179 Withdrawal of Plea
Chapter 13.
Discovery
§13:10 The Basics
of Discovery
§13:11 No General
Right to Discovery
§13:12 Scope of
Statutory Discovery
§13:13 Defendant’s Burden
§13:13.1 General Points
§13:13.2 Defendant Must Show Good Cause
§13:13.3 Defendant Must Show Materiality
§13:13.4 Defendant Must Show Possession by State
§13:13.5 Defendant Must Be Specific
§13:13.6 Motion Must Be Timely Filed
§13:14 Place and Time of
Discovery
§13:15 Open File Policy
§13:16 Form: General
Motion for Discovery
§13:20 Particular Types
of Evidence
§13:21 Prosecution
Witnesses
§13:21.1 Names of Prosecution Witnesses
§13:21.1.1
Form: Defense Motion and State’s Answer
§13:21.2 Criminal Records of Prosecution Witnesses
§13:21.2.1
General Points
§13:21.2.2
Form: Motion
§13:21.3 Prosecution Witness Statements
§13:21.3.1
Statute
§13:21.3.2
Prosecutor Must Produce Witness
Statements
§13:21.3.3
Other Documents Used by Witness
§13:21.3.4
Form: Motion
§13:21.4 Agreements Made With a Witness
§13:21.4.1
State Must Disclose Promises
§13:21.4.2
Form: Motion
§13:22 Photographs
§13:23 Previous Testimony
§13:23.1 Grand Jury Testimony
§13:23.1.1
Defendant Must Show Special
Reason or Particularized Need
§13:23.1.2
Motion for Discovery of Grand
Jury Testimony
§13:23.2 Previous Trial Testimony
§13:23.2.1
Defendant’s Previous Trial Testimony
§13:23.2.2
Third-Party Trials
§13:23.2.3
Form: Motions
§13:24 Discovering
Informant Evidence
§13:24.1 Statute
§13:24.2 Defeating the State’s Privilege to Withhold Informer’s Identity
§13:24.3 Defendant’s Burden
§13:24.4 Challenging Reliability or Credibility of Informer
§13:24.5 Mechanics of the Rule
§13:24.6 Form: Motions to Reveal Identity
§13:25 Crime Stoppers
Information
§13:25.1 Statutes
§13:25.2 Defendant Has a Right to Crime Stoppers Information
§13:25.3 Procedure; In Camera Review
§13:25.4 Form: Motion and Supporting Brief
§13:26 Victim and
Defendant Statements
§13:26.1 Victim Impact Statements
§13:26.1.1
Statute
§13:26.1.2
Defendant’s Right to the
Statement
§13:26.1.3
Defendant Must Request the
Statement
§13:26.1.4
Form: Motion
§13:26.2 Defendant’s Statement
§13:26.2.1
General Points
§13:26.2.2
Form: Motion and Notice
§13:27 Expert Witness
Information
§13:27.1 General Points
§13:27.1.1
Statute
§13:27.1.2
Reciprocal Discovery
§13:27.1.3
Procedure for Disclosure
§13:27.1.4
Form: Motion and Witness
Designation
§13:27.2 Voir Dire Examination of Expert Witness
§13:27.2.1
Statute
§13:27.2.2
Party Is Entitled to Voir Dire
Expert Witness
§13:27.2.3
Timeliness of Request
§13:27.2.4
Preservation of Error
§13:27.2.5
Form: Motion
§13:28 Child Abuse Files
§13:28.1 Statutes
§13:28.2 Discovery Procedures
§13:28.3 Form: Motion and Records Request
§13:30 Right to
Examination of Evidence by Independent Expert
§13:31 General Points
§13:32 Controlled
Substances
§13:33 Tape Recordings
§13:34 Fingerprints
§13:35 Ballistic Tests
§13:36 Blood, Urine,
Breath Test
§13:37 Computer Hard Drive
§13:38 DNA Test Results
§13:40 Failure to
Provide Discovery
§13:41 Remedy
§13:42 Mandamus to Compel
Discovery
§13:50 Exculpatory and
Mitigation Evidence
§13:51 Statutes
§13:52 Duty of the State
§13:53 Exculpatory,
Mitigating or Impeaching
§13:54 Specific Examples
of Exculpatory Evidence
§13:55 Inapplicability of
Brady Rule
§13:56 Establishing a
Brady Violation
§13:57 Form: Motion
§13:60 Other Discovery
Tools
§13:61 Depositions of
Witnesses
§13:61.1 Statutes
§13:61.2 Defendant Must Show Good Reason
§13:61.3 Form: Application to Take Deposition
§13:62 Written
Interrogatories
§13:62.1 Statute
§13:62.2 Form: Application to Take Deposition by Written Interrogatories
§13:70 Exceptions to
Discovery Rights
§13:71 Police Reports
§13:72 Medical Examiner’s
Report
§13:73 Prior Jury Service
§13:80 Requests for
Notice of Intention to Introduce Evidence
§13:81 General Points
§13:81.1 Defendant Must Request Notice
§13:81.2 Request Must Be Timely
§13:81.3 Notice Must Be Timely
§13:82 Extraneous Offenses
§13:82.1 Statute
§13:82.2 Evidence Rule Applies Only to Guilt Phase
§13:82.3 Form: Request for Notice, Motion for Hearing, and Objection to
Admissibility
§13:83 Child Abuse Cases
§13:83.1 Statute
§13:83.2 Defendant Must Request Notice
§13:83.3 Request Must Cite Art. 38.37
§13:83.4 Form: Request for Notice
§13:84 Punishment Evidence
§13:84.1 Statute
§13:84.2 Defendant Must Request Notice
§13:84.3 Form: Request for Notice and Motion
§13:85 Impeachment
Evidence
§13:85.1 Statute
§13:85.2 Party Must Request Notice
§13:85.3 Form: Request for Notice
§13:90 Public
Information Act Requests
§13:91 Statutes
§13:92 Public Is Entitled
to Information
§13:93 Statute Contains
Specific Exceptions
§13:94 Form: Request
Chapter 14:
Jury Selection and Voir Dire
§14:10 Composition
of Venire
§14:11 Statutory Law
§14:12 In General
§14:13 Challenges to
Array
§14:13.1 Form: Sample Motion/Challenge to Array
§14:14 Writs of
Attachment
§14:14.1 Form: Motion for Attachment of Absent Jurors
§14:14.2 Form: Order to Attach Juror
§14:15 Juror
Exemptions
§14:16 Additional
Veniremembers
§14:17 Number of
Jurors
§14:18 Alternate
Jurors
§14:19 Disabled
Jurors
§14:19.1 Sufficient Disability to Be Excused
§14:19.2 Insufficient Disability to Be Excused
§14:20 Juror
Qualifications
§14:21 Preliminary
Testing of Qualifications
§14:30 Juror
Disqualifications
§14:31 What
Constitutes Absolute Disqualification
§14:31.1 Theft Convictions
§14:31.2 Pending Theft Cases
§14:31.3 Felony Convictions
§14:31.4 Pending Felony Cases
§14:31.5 Insanity
§14:32 Disqualified
Jurors
§14:33 Reversals Due
to Disqualified Jurors
§14:40 Jury
Shuffles
§14:41 In General
§14:42 Timing of
Motion
§14:43 Opportunity to
View Venire
§14:44 Opportunity to
View Jury Questionnaires
§14:45 Appellate
Review
§14:46 Form: Sample
Motion to Shuffle Venire
§14:50 Voir Dire
Subject Matter
§14:51 Statutory Law
§14:52 In General
§14:52.1 Form: Sample Juror Questionnaire
§14:52.2 Form: Motion to Submit Jury Questionnaire
§14:53 Particular
Inquiries Allowed
§14:53.1 Explanations of Law
§14:53.1.1
Misstatements of Law
§14:53.2 Punishment Inquiries
§14:53.3 Inquiries on Status of Victim or Witness
§14:53.4 Inquiries into Status and Attitudes of Veniremembers
§14:53.5 Inquiries Based on Situational Status of Witness
§14:54 Means of
Making Inquiry
§14:54.1 Type of Question Permitted
§14:55 Mechanics of
Voir Dire
§14:56 Preserving
Error
§14:56.1 Preserving Error Where Proper Inquiry Disallowed
§14:56.2 Preserving Error for Improper Inquiry by State
§14:57 Restrictions
on Voir Dire
§14:57.1 In General
§14:57.2 Permissible Voir Dire Restrictions
§14:57.2.1
Questions and Areas Subject to Restriction
§14:57.2.1.1
Confusing, Repetitious, Broad and Vague Questions
§14:57.2.1.2
Commitment Questions
§14:57.2.1.2.1
Improper Commitment Questions
§14:57.2.1.2.2
Proper Commitment Questions
§14:57.2.1.2.3
Non-Commitment Questions
§14:57.2.1.3
Questions in Improper Form
§14:57.2.1.4
Preserving Error of Improper Question by State
§14:57.2.2
Subject Matter That May Be Restricted
§14:57.2.2.1
Inquiries on Incorrect Law
§14:57.2.2.2
Definitions of Legally Undefined Terms
§14:57.2.2.3
Factual Matters
§14:57.3 Time Restrictions
§14:57.3.1
In General
§14:57.3.2
Relevant Factors
§14:57.3.3
Preserving Error for Improper Time Restriction
§14:57.3.4
Form for Additional Time
§14:60 Challenges
for Cause
§14:61 Statutory Law
§14:62 In General
§14:63 Basis for
Challenges for Cause
§14:64 Bias or
Prejudice as Matter of Law
§14:64.1 Bias and Prejudice Defined
§14:64.2 Bias and Prejudice Established
§14:64.3 Bias and Prejudice Not Established
§14:65 Substantial
Impairment Test
§14:66 Vacillating
Veniremember
§14:67 Predicate for
Challenge for Cause
§14:68 Areas of
Proper Challenge for Cause
§14:68.1 Challenges for Cause by State or Defendant
§14:68.1.1
Bias Against Class of Witnesses
§14:68.1.2
Failure to Consider Punishment Range
§14:68.1.3
Relationship With Party or Witness
§14:68.2 Challenges for Cause by Defendant
§14:68.2.1
Preservation of Error for Denial of Defense Challenges for Cause
§14:68.3 Challenges for Cause by State
§14:68.3.1
Challenges Where Beyond Reasonable Doubt Not Enough
§14:68.3.2
Preserving Error for Erroneous Granting of State’s Challenge for
Cause
§14:70 Sua
Sponte Excusals
§14:71 Applicable
Statute
§14:72 In General
§14:73 Permissible
Reasons for Sua Sponte Excusal
§14:74 Timing of Sua
Sponte Excusal
§14:75 Preserving
Error for Sua Sponte Excusal
§14:80 Trial Court
Questioning of Venire
§14:81 Comments by
Trial Court in Front of Venire
§14:81.1 In General
§14:81.2 Comments That Are Not Error
§14:81.3 Comments That Are Error
§14:81.4 Complaints About Court’s Questions or Comments
§14:90 Use of
Information From Veniremembers
§14:91 Material
Information
§14:92 Defendant’s
Burden
§14:93 Personal
Information About Jurors and Juror Privacy Considerations
§14:100 Peremptory Challenges
§14:101 Statutory Law
§14:102 When Peremptory
Challenges Are Made
§14:103 Forms for Peremptory
Challenges
§14:110 Batson v. Kentucky
Hearings
§14:111 Introduction and History
§14:111.1 Systematic Exclusion Standard
§14:111.2 Transitional Cases
§14:112 Batson and Beyond
§14:112.1 Batson Case
§14:112.2 Non-Minority Defendants
§14:112.3 Any Party
§14:112.4 Juvenile Proceedings
§14:112.5 Gender-Based Discrimination
§14:112.6 Religious Beliefs
§14:113 Texas Procedure
§14:113.1 Timing of Objections
§14:113.2 Specificity of Objections
§14:113.2.1 Batson Inapplicable
§14:113.3 Burdens of Proof/Production/Persuasion
§14:113.3.1 Burden of Proof
§14:113.3.1.1
Prima Facie Case Necessary
§14:113.3.1.2
Elements of Prima Facie Case
§14:113.3.1.3
Cognizable Minorities
§14:113.3.1.4
Texas Cases
§14:113.3.1.5
Statistical Analysis
§14:113.3.2 Burden of Production
§14:113.3.2.1
Race-Neutral Explanation
§14:113.3.2.2
Quantum of Production
§14:113.3.2.3
Basis of Explanation
§14:113.3.2.4
Recognized Race-Neutral Explanations
§14:113.3.2.5
Invalid Race-Neutral Explanations
§14:113.3.3 Burden of Persuasion
§14:113.3.3.1
Trial Court’s Duty
§14:113.3.3.2
Trial Court Considerations
§14:120 Death Penalty Case Voir
Dire
§14:121 Formation of Venire
§14:121.1 Statutory Law
§14:121.2 Assembling Venire
§14:121.3 Summoning Additional Veniremembers
§14:121.4 Furnishing Defendant With List of Veniremembers
§14:121.5 Excusing Veniremembers From Special Venire
§14:121.6 Forms for Venire Formation
§14:130 Mechanics of Capital
Voir Dire
§14:131 Trial Court Instructions
to Capital Veniremembers
§14:131.1 Form: Sample Instructions for Death Penalty Venire Panel
§14:131.2 Form: Sample Law Outline for Death Penalty Venire Panel
§14:132 Refusal to Allow
Questioning
§14:140 Subject Matter for
Capital Voir Dire
§14:141 Form: Sample Death
Penalty Case Juror Questionnaire Instructions for Juror
§14:142 Informing Venire of
Effect of Answers
§14:143 Questioning on Definition
of Terms
§14:144 Questioning About Facts
of Case
§14:145 Questions Regarding
Mitigation of Punishment
§14:146 Questions About Race of Defendant and/or Victim
§14:147 Improper Areas
§14:148 Preserving Error in
Denial of Proper Inquiry
§14:150 Challenges for Cause
§14:151 Excusing Veniremembers
for Cause in Capital Cases
§14:152 When to Make Challenge
for Cause
§14:153 Challenges for Cause by
Either Party
§14:153.1 Grounds Where Challenges Granted
§14:153.2 Grounds Where Challenges Not Granted
§14:154 Challenges for Cause by
Defendant
§14:154.1 Grounds Where Challenges Will Be Granted
§14:154.2 Areas Where Challenges Will Not Be Granted
§14:154.3 Preserving Error for Denial of Defense Challenge
§14:155 Challenges for Causes by
State in Capital Cases
§14:155.1 Grounds Where Challenges Will Be Granted
§14:155.2 Grounds Where Challenges Will Not Be Granted
§14:155.3 Preserving Error for Improperly Granted State’s Challenge
§14:160 Veniremembers Excused
by Agreement
§14:170 Peremptory Challenges
in Death Penalty Cases
Chapter 15.
Trial Issues
§15:10 Opening
Statements
§15:11 Quick
Reference
§15:12 Introduction
§15:13 State Opening
Statement
§15:14 Proper Content
§15:15 Defendant’s
Opening Statement
§15:20 Objections
and Waivers
§15:21 Doctrine of
Curative Admissibility
§15:22 De Garmo Doctrine
§15:23 [Reserved]
§15:24 Form: Waiver
of Jury Trial
§15:30
Confrontation
§15:40 [Reserved]
§15:50
Cross-Examination
§15:51 Quick
References
§15:52 Constitutional
Right to Cross-Examine
§15:53 Denial of
Cross-Examination
§15:54 Scope of
Cross-Examination
§15:55 Collateral
Matters
§15:55.1 In General
§15:55.2 “Opening the Door”
§15:55.2.1
Examples of Door Opened
§15:55.2.2
Examples of Door Not Opened
§15:56 Impeachment
§15:56.1 Prior Inconsistent Statements
§15:56.2 Bias, Interest, and Motive
§15:56.3 Impeachment With Prior Convictions
§15:56.3.1
Offenses Found Involving Moral Turpitude
§15:56.3.2
Offenses Found Not Involving Moral Turpitude
§15:56.3.3
Deferred Adjudications and Pending Cases
§15:56.4 Impeachment With Evidence of Drug Addiction
§15:56.5 Impeachment With Evidence of Mental Illness
§15:56.6 Impeachment With Character Evidence
§15:56.6.1
Proof of Reputation
§15:56.6.2
Testing Basis of Reputation Testimony
§15:56.6.3
Proof by Opinion
§15:56.6.4
Testing Basis of Opinion Testimony
§15:57 Rehabilitating
Impeached Witness
§15:57.1 General Points
§15:57.2 Good Character Evidence
§15:57.3 Prior Consistent Statements
§15:57.3.1
Statute
§15:57.3.2
Admissibility
§15:57.4 Gaskin Rule
§15:57.5 Victim Impact
Statements
§15:57.6 Use Before Jury Rule
§15:58 Prior Bad Acts
§15:59 Impeaching Hearsay
Statements
§15:60 Strategies for
Cross-Examination
§15:60.1 General Points
§15:60.2 Ask Leading Questions
§15:60.3 Keep Questions Simple
§15:60.4 Minimizing Negatives in
Questions
§15:60.5 Resist Attacking Final
Answers on Direct
§15:60.6 Ask Witness About
Changing/Correcting Answers
§15:60.7 Quit When You Are Ahead
§15:60.8 Do Not Cross-Examine
Harmless Witness
§15:60.9 Do Not Cross-Examine on
Uncertain Minor Matters
§15:60.10 Never Ask Adverse Witness
“Why” or “How”
§15:60.11 Control Difficult Witness
Through Court Reporter
§15:60.12 Neutralizing “I Don’t
Recall”
§15:60.13 Turn Tables on Witness Who
Asks for Definitions
§15:60.14 Other Basic Statistics
§15:70 [Reserved]
§15:80 Witnesses
§15:81 Attachments
§15:82 Defendant’s
Attorney
§15:83 Competency of
Witness to Testify
§15:90
Corroboration of Testimony
§15:91 Accomplice
Testimony
§15:91.1 Statutes
§15:91.2 Child Witness as Accomplice
§15:91.3 Sufficiency of Corroboration
§15:91.4 Submission of Accomplice Witness Instruction to Jury
§15:91.5 Charge to Jury
§15:92 Corroboration in
Drug Cases
§15:92.1 Statute
§15:92.2 Sufficiency of Evidence
§15:100 Deadly Weapon
Allegations and Findings
§15:101 Notice
§15.101.1 Form: Notice
§15:102 Making the Finding
§15:103 Deadly Weapon Findings
§15:104 Insufficient Evidence of
Deadly Weapon
§15:110 Extraneous Offenses
§15:111 In General
§15:112 Standard of Review
§15:113 Notice Requirement
§15:113.1 Form: Request for Notice
§15:113.2 Form: State’s Notice of Intent to Introduce Evidence of
Extraneous Offenses, Bad Acts and Character
§15:114 Opening the Door to
Extraneous Offenses
§15:115 Theories of Admissibility
of Extraneous Offenses
§15:115.1 Same Transaction Contextual Evidence
§15:115.2 Consciousness of Guilt
§15:115.3 Identity
§15:115.4 Ownership of Murder Weapon
§15:115.5 Child Abuse Cases
§15:115.6 Motive
§15:115.7 Murder Cases
§15:115.8 Rebutting Defensive Evidence
§15:115.9 Opportunity
§15:115.10 Establishing a Conspiracy
§15:115.11 Establishing Elements of the Offense
§15:115.12 Establishing Preparation or Plan
§15:115.13 Possession of Drugs
§15:115.14 Evidence of Gang Affiliation
§15:115.15 To Prove Corpus Delicti
§15:115.16 Theft Cases
§15:115.17 To Prove Lack of Consent
§15:115.18 To Prove Modus Operandi
§15:115.19 The Doctrine of Chances
§15:116 Challenging Admissibility
§15:116.1 Form: Defendant’s Written Objection to Admissibility of
Extraneous Offenses, Request for Procedural Determination by Trial Court
With Findings of Fact
§15:116.2 Form: Motion for Pretrial Evidentiary Hearing to Determine
Admissibility of Extraneous Offenses
§15:117 Preservation of Error
§15:120 Idem Sonans
§15:121 No Fatal Variance
§15:122 Fatal Variance
§15:130 Lesser Included
Offenses
§15:131 Decisions
§15:140 Reopening Evidence
§15:141 Statutory Law
§15:142 Case Law
§15:150 Privileges
§15:151.1 The Privilege
§15:151.2 Attorney Work-Product
§15:152 Spousal Privilege
§15:153 Privileged Communication
to Clergymen
§15:154 Privilege Against
Disclosure of Informant
§15:155 First Amendment Privilege
§15:156 Crimestopper Information
Privilege
§15:160 Jury Argument
§15:161 Order of Arguments
§15:162 Scope of Proper Jury
Argument
§15:163 Objection Requirements
and Error Preservation
§15:164 Objectionable Arguments
§15:164.1 Defendant’s Failure to Testify
§15:164.2 Personal Opinion of Attorney
§15:164.3 Bolstering Improper
§15:164.4 Community Expectation Arguments
§15:164.5 Attacks on Defense Counsel
§15:165 Harm Analysis on Jury
Argument Objections
§15:166 Jury Argument Error
§15:167 Jury Argument Time
Allotment
§15:170 Jury Deliberations
§15:170.1 Further Instructions on Law
§15:170.2 Answering Requests for Testimony
§15:170.3 Answering Questions of Factual Nature
§15:170.4 Answering Requests for Evidence
§15:170.5 Sequestration of Jury
§15:170.6 Jury Misconduct
§15:170.7 Form: Waiver of Objections
§15:170.8 Jury View
§15:180 Parties to Offenses
§15:181 Section 7.02(B) Theories
§15:182 Persons Responsible
§15:190 Defenses
§15:191 Self-Defense and
Defendant’s State of Mind
§15:191.1 Use of Deadly Force
§15:191.2 Character Evidence
§15:192 Necessity Defense
§15:193 Insanity
§15:194 Doctrine of Chances
Defense
§15:195 Diminished Capacity
§15:196 Intoxication
§15:196.1 Statutory Law
§15:196.2 Intoxication at Guilt Phase
§15:196.3 Intoxication at Punishment Phase
§15:197 Automatism
§15:198 Mental Retardation
§15:200 Due Process of Law
§15:201 Constitutional Provisions
§15:202 Transcripts of Previous
Hearings
§15:203 Compulsory Process
§15:204 Trial Issues
§15:205 Public Trial
§15:206 Prosecutorial Issues
§15:207 Destruction of Evidence
§15:208 Specificity of Charges
§15:209 Use of Perjured Testimony
§15:210 Estoppel
§15:220 Jury Unanimity
§15:221 Statutory Law
§15:222 Pleading
§15:223 Submission to Jury
§15:224 General Verdicts
§15:230 Elemental
(Guilt/Innocence) Enhancement Provisions
§15:230.1 Enhancements Where Weapon Possessed on School Grounds
§15:230.2 Enhancements in Intoxication Offenses
§15:230.3 Enhancements in Theft Offenses
§15:230.4 Enhancements in Evading Arrest Offenses
§15:230.5 Enhancements in Firearm Offenses
Chapter 16.
Evidence
§16:10
Authentication of Evidence
§16:11 In General
§16:12 Conditional
Admission of Evidence
§16:20 Chain of
Custody: Physical Evidence
§16:21 Unique Items
§16:21.1 Predicate
§16:21.2 In General
§16:21.3 Objections
§16:22 Fungible or
Non-Unique Items
§16:22.1 Predicate
§16:22.2 In General
§16:22.3 Objections
§16:30
Admissibility of Non-Scientific Evidence
§16:31 Photographs
§16:31.1 Predicate
§16:31.2 In General
§16:31.3 Objections
§16:32 Videotapes
(Without Sound)
§16:32.1 Predicate
§16:32.2 In General
§16:32.3 Objections
§16:33 Videotapes
With Sound and Audiotapes
§16:33.1 Predicate
§16:33.2 In General
§16:33.3 Objections
§16:33.4 Videotapes in DWI Cases
§16:34 Voice
Identification
§16:34.1 Predicate
§16:34.2 In General
§16:34.3 Objections
§16:35 Experiments
and Re-Creations
§16:35.1 Predicate
§16:35.2 Objections to Admissibility
§16:35.3 Objections to Event Re-Creation
§16:36 Shoeprints and
Footprints
§16:36.1 Predicate
§16:36.2 In General
§16:36.3 Objections
§16:37 Demonstrative
Evidence and Models
§16:37.1 Predicate
§16:37.2 In General
§16:37.3 Objections
§16:40 Documentary
Evidence
§16:41 Applicable
Rule of Evidence
§16:41.1 Form: Affidavit of Business Record Custodian
§16:42 In General
§16:43 Predicate
§16:43.1 Self-Authenticating Documents
§16:43.2 Recognized by Sponsoring Witness
§16:43.3 Recognized by Distinctive Characteristics
§16:43.4 Public Records and Reports
§16:43.5 Data Compilations
§16:43.6 Admissible Under Statute or Rule
§16:44 Specific
Examples
§16:44.1 Duplicates
§16:44.2 Diagrams and Drawings
§16:44.2.1
Predicate
§16:44.2.2
In General
§16:44.3 Charts
§16:44.3.1
Predicate
§16:44.3.2
In General
§16:44.4 Driver’s Licenses
§16:44.5 Driving Records
§16:44.6 Hotel Registration Cards
§16:44.7 Facsimiles
§16:44.8 Computer Output
§16:44.9 Handwriting
§16:44.10 Signatures
§16:44.11 Penitentiary Packets
§16:44.12 Court Orders
§16:50
Admissibility of Scientific Evidence
§16:51 Legal Test
§16:52 Specific Types
§16:52.1 Fingerprints
§16:52.1.1
Predicate
§16:52.1.2
In General
§16:52.1.3
Objections
§16:52.2 Hair and Fiber Evidence
§16:52.2.1
Predicate
§16:52.2.2
In General
§16:52.2.3
Objections
§16:52.3 DNA Evidence
§16:52.3.1
Predicate
§16:52.3.2
In General
§16:52.3.3
Objections
§16:52.4 Firearms Identification
§16:52.4.1
Predicate
§16:52.4.2
In General
§16:52.4.3
Objections
§16:52.5 Serology and Blood Testing
§16:52.5.1
Predicate
§16:52.5.1.1
For Person Extracting Blood
§16:52.5.1.2
For Serologist or Chemist
§16:52.5.1.3
Chain of Custody
§16:52.5.2
In General
§16:52.5.3
Objections
§16:52.6 Blood Spatter
§16:52.6.1
Predicate
§16:52.6.2
In General
§16:52.6.3
Objections
§16:52.7 Hypnotically Enhanced Testimony
§16:52.7.1
Predicate
§16:52.7.2
In General
§16:52.7.3
Objections
§16:52.8 Psychological Evidence
§16:52.9 Bite Mark and Tooth Mark Comparison
§16:52.9.1
Predicate
§16:52.9.2
In General
§16:52.9.3
Objections
§16:52.10 Breath Tests
§16:52.10.1 Predicate
§16:52.10.1.1
Intoxilyzer Operator
§16:52.10.1.2
Technical Supervisor
§16:52.10.2 In General
§16:52.10.3 Objections
§16:52.11 Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus
§16:52.12 Drug Analysis
§16:52.12.1 Predicate
§16:52.12.2 In General
§16:52.12.3 Objections
§16:52.13 Toxicology
§16:52.13.1 Predicate
§16:52.13.2 In General
§16:52.13.3 Objections
§16:52.14 Polygraph Evidence
§16:52.15 Gunshot Residue or Atomic Absorption Tests
§16:52.15.1 Predicate
§16:52.15.2 In General
§16:52.15.3 Objections
§16:52.16 Truth Serum Tests
§16:52.17 X-Rays
§16:52.18 Evidence of Pregnancy
§16:60 Expert
Opinion Testimony
§16:61 The Rules
§16:62 Admissibility
of Expert Opinion Testimony
§16:62.1 Trial Court “Gatekeeping”
§16:62.2 Admissibility Standards
§16:62.3 Reliability
§16:62.3.1
Scientific Evidence
§16:62.3.2
Non-Scientific Evidence
§16:62.4 Relevance
§16:63 Qualifications
of Expert Witness
§16:63.1 In General
§16:63.2 Properly Qualified Witnesses
§16:63.3 Unqualified Witnesses
§16:64 General
Acceptance and Judicial Notice
§16:65 Direct
Examination of Expert Witnesses
§16:66
Cross-Examination of Expert Witnesses
§16:67 Recognized
Areas of Expertise
§16:68 Expert
Testimony Not Admissible
§16:70 Hearsay
Exceptions
§16:71 In General
§16:71.1 General Hearsay Rules
§16:71.2 Confrontation Rules
§16:71.2.1
Statements to Civilians
§16:71.2.2
Statements to Law Enforcement
§16:71.2.3
Statements to Forensic Investigators
§16:72 Specific Types
§16:72.1 Prior Inconsistent Statements (Rule 801(E)(1)(A))
§16:72.2 Prior Consistent Statements (Rule 801(E)(1)(B))
§16:72.3 Prior Identification by a Witness (Rule 801(E)(1)(C))
§16:72.4 Statements by Party Opponents (Rule 801(e)(2))
§16:72.4.1
Admissions by Defendant
§16:72.4.2
Admissions by Complainants
§16:72.5 Adoptive Admissions (Rule 801(E)(2)(B))
§16:72.6 Statements by Co-Conspirators (Rule 801(E)(2)(E))
§16:72.7 Present Sense Impression (Rule 803(1))
§16:72.8 Excited Utterances (Rule 803(2))
§16:72.9 Statements of Existing State of Mind (Rule 803(3))
§16:72.10 Statements to Medical Personnel (Rule 803(4))
§16:72.11 Recorded (Refreshing) Recollection (Rule 803(5))
§16:72.12 Business Records (Rule 803(6))
§16:72.13 Public Records and Reports (Rule 803(8))
§16:72.14 Law Enforcement Under Duty (Rule 803(8)(C))
§16:72.15 Document Statements Affecting Property Interest (Rule 803(15))
§16:72.16 Learned Treatises (Rule 803(18))
§16:72.17 Statements Against Interest (Rule 803(24))
§16:72.18 Former Testimony (Rule 804(B)(1))
§16:72.19 Dying Declarations (Rule 804(B)(2))
§16:72.20 Co-Defendant’s Statements
§16:80 Other
Evidentiary Rules
§16:81 Remainder of
or Related Evidence
§16:82 Rule of
Optional Completeness
§16:82.1 Correcting False Impression
§16:83 Layman’s
Opinion Testimony
§16:90 Ownership
and Value
§16:91 Ownership
§16:92 Value
§16:100 Stipulations of
Evidence
§16:110 Judicial Notice
Chapter 17.
Child Sexual Abuse
§17:10 Pretrial
Notice of Primary Offense
§17:11 In General
§17:20 Evidence in
Child Sexual Assault Cases
§17:21 “On or About”
§17:21.1 In General
§17:22 CCP Art. 38.37
and Extraneous Offenses
§17:22.1 In General
§17:22.2 Notice
§17:23 Expert
Witnesses in Child Sexual Assault Cases
§17:23.1 In General
§17:23.2 Expert’s Qualifications
§17:24 “Outcry”
Statements
§17:24.1 In General
§17:24.2 Burden of Proof
§17:24.3 Predicate
§17:24.4 Availability of Child Declarant
§17:24.5 Required Hearing
§17:24.6 Reliability of Statement
§17:24.7 Description of Details of Offense
§17:24.8 Notice Provision
§17:24.9 Summary of Statement
§17:24.10 First Person to Whom Statement Made
§17:24.11 Article 38.072 and Extraneous Offenses
§17:24.12 Objections
§17:24.13 Other Hearsay Exceptions
§17:24.14 Appellate Review
§17:25 Videotapes and
Closed Circuit Television
§17:25.1 In General
§17:25.2 Interpretation of Statute (C.C.P. 38.071)
§17:25.2.1
Applicability (§1)
§17:25.2.2
Videotape Provisions (§§2, 4 & 5)
§17:25.2.2.1
Section 2
§17:25.2.2.2
Section 4
§17:25.2.2.3
Section 5
§17:25.2.2.4
Predicate
§17:25.2.3
Closed Circuit Television Provision (§3)
§17:25.2.4
Sections 6 Through 13
§17:25.2.5
Objections
§17:26 Evidence of
Penetration
§17:27 Evidence of
Sexual Contact
§17:28 Evidence of
Intent
§17:29 Physical
Description by a Child
§17:30 Evidence of
Victim’s Age
§17:31 Impeachment
With Other Accusations
§17:32 Obtaining
Child Protective Services Records
§17:40 Changes to
Offense Definitions
§17:41 2003
§17:41 Failure to
Stop or Report Aggravated Sexual Assault of a Child
§17:50 Defenses to
Child Sexual Assault Cases
§17:51 Mistake of
Fact
§17:52 Promiscuity
Defense
§17:53 First
Amendment Free Speech
§17:60
Corroboration Requirement
§17:61 In General
§17:62 Outcry
§17:63 Corroboration
§17:70 Lesser
Included Offenses
§17:71 In General
§17:72 Lesser
Included Offenses and Double Jeopardy
§17:90 Special
Probation Conditions
§17:91 Period of
Supervision
§17:92 Probation
Eligibility
§17:93 Limitations on
Deferred Adjudication
§17:94 Sex Offender
Registration
§17:95 Child Safety
Zone
§17:96 Psychological
Counseling Sessions
§17:97 Substance
Abuse Treatment Facilities
§17:98 Community
Service Restitution
§17:99 Sex Offender
Supervision Fee
§17:100 DNA Testing
§17:101 Other Conditions
§17:110 Sentencing and
Severance Provisions
§17:111 In General
§17:112 Age Based Findings
§17:120 Special Enhancement
Provisions
§17:121 1995 Version of Penal
Code Section 12.42
§17:122 1997 Version of Penal
Code Section 12.42
§17:123 2003 Changes to Statute
§17:124 2007 Version of Statute
§17:130 Parole Eligibility
§17:140 Statutes of Limitations
Chapter 18.
Sex Offender Registration
§18:10 General
Points
§18:11 History of Sex
Offender Registration Program
§18:12 Legislative
Intent
§18:13 Constitutional
Attacks on Sex Offender Registration
§18:14 Plea
Admonishments
§18:15 Sex Offender
Registration Website
§18:20 Registration
Procedure
§18:21 Who Is
Required to Register
§18:22 Form:
Verification Requirements Chart
§18:23 Form:
Pre-Release Notification Form
§18:24 Information
Required for Registration
§18:25 Form: Sex
Offender Registration CR-35
§18:26 Form:
Institution of Higher Education Registration Form
§18:27 Required
Registrant Information Update and Verification
§18:28 Form: Sex
Offender Update Form
§18:29 Form:
Registration Change of Address Notification
§18:30 Failure to
Register
§18:40 Expiration
or Exemption From Registration
§18:41 Expiration of
Duty to Register
§18:42 Petition for
Exemption From Registration Requirements
Chapter 19.
Preservation of Error
§19:10 Statutes and
Rules
§19:11 Rules of
Evidence
§19:12 Rules of
Appellate Procedure
§19:20 Preservation
of Error in General
§19:21 Definitions of
Rights
§19:22 Absolute
Rights and Requirements
§19:23 Waivable
Rights
§19:24 Forfeitable
Rights
§19:30 Forfeiture
of Rights
§19:31 Definitions
§19:32 Rulings and
Review
§19:40 Requirements
of Error Preservation
§19:41 The Defendant
Must Object to Preserve Error
§19:42 The Objection
Must Be Timely
§19:43 Counsel Must
Obtain an Adverse Ruling
§19:44 The Objection
Must Be Specific
§19:45 Counsel Must
Continue to Object
§19:50 Preservation
of Error in Specific Trial Situations
§19:51 Preservation
of Error Where State Withholds Evidence
§19:52 Preservation
of Error in Denial of Motion for Continuance
§19:53 Preservation
of Error in Challenges to the Array
§19:54 Preserving
Error Where a Juror Is Disqualified
§19:55 Preservation
of Error in Jury Shuffle Request
§19:56 Preserving
Error Where Trial Court Disallows a Proper Inquiry
§19:57 Preserving
Error Where State Has Made Improper Inquiry
§19:58 Preserving
Error Where Voir Dire Time Restricted
§19:59 Preservation
of Error for Denial of Defendant’s Challenge for Cause
§19:60 Preserving
Error in Erroneous Grant of State’s Challenge for Cause
§19:61 Preserving
Error for Erroneous Sua Sponte Excusal
§19:62 Preserving
Error for Trial Court’s Erroneous Questions or Statements
§19:63 Preserving
Error in Batson Hearings
§19:64 Preserving
Error Where Extraneous Offenses Admitted
§19:65 Preservation
of Error in Introduction of Evidence
§19:66 Preservation
of Error for the Exclusion of Evidence
§19:67 Preservation
of Error in Requiring State to Elect Counts and Theories
§19:68 Preservation
of Error in Requesting Severance of Defendants
§19:69 Preservation
of Error in Juvenile Transfer Cases
§19:70 Preservation
of Error in Outcry Statements
§19:71 Preservation
of Error in Opposing Enhancement Allegations
§19:72 Preserving Error in
the Jury Charge
§19:73 Preserving
Error in Jury Arguments
§19:74 Preserving
Error for Erroneous Probation Condition
§19:75 Preserving
Error for Cruel and Unusual Punishment
§19:76 Preserving
Error in Cumulation of Sentences
Chapter 20.
Punishment Phase
§20:10 Punishment
Phase in General
§20:11 General
Statutory Law
§20:11.1 Sample Forms for Election of Assessment of Punishment
§20:12 Punishment
Phase Law in General
§20:13 Punishment
Phase Following Plea of Guilty
§20:14 Retrials
Following a Reversal for Punishment Phase Error Only
§20:14.1 Procedural Rules
§20:14.2 Judicial Vindictiveness
§20:20 Types of
Punishment Phase Evidence
§20:21 Enhancement
Allegations and Evidence
§20:21.1 Statutory Law (Felonies)
§20:21.2 Statutory Law (Misdemeanors)
§20:21.3 Pleading Enhancement Allegation
§20:21.4 Reading Enhancement Allegation
§20:21.5 Burden of Proving Enhancement Allegations
§20:21.5.1
Proof of Finality
§20:21.5.2
Relevance (Proof of Identity)
§20:21.6 Methods of Proving Enhancement Allegations
§20:21.6.1
Penitentiary Packets
§20:21.6.2
Trial Court Records and Other Records
§20:21.6.3
Defendant’s Plea of True to Allegation
§20:21.6.4
Stipulations Between State and Defendant
§20:21.6.5
Admissions by Defendant
§20:21.6.6
Testimony by Witness With Personal Knowledge
§20:21.7 Types of Enhancement Allegations
§20:21.7.1
Repetition Allegations
§20:21.7.2
Habitual Allegations
§20:21.7.3
Sex Offender Allegations
§20:21.7.4
Enhancements of State Jail Felonies
§20:21.7.4.1
Defendants Punished Under Penal Code §12.35(c)
§20:21.7.4.2
Defendants Punished Under Penal Code §12.35(a)
§20:21.7.5
Enhancements for Hate Crimes
§20:21.7.6
Enhancement if Controlled Substance Used to Commit Offense
§20:21.7.7
Juvenile Adjudications Used for Enhancement Purposes
§20:21.7.8
Unclassified Felony Offenses and Foreign Felony Offenses
§20:21.8 Attacking Enhancement Allegations and Proof
§20:21.8.1
Attacking Void Prior Convictions
§20:21.8.2
Attacking Voidable Prior Convictions
§20:21.8.3
Attacking Prior Convictions Used for Jurisdictional Purposes
§20:21.8.4
Examples of Void Sentences
§20:21.8.5
Examples of Sentences Which Are Not Void But Are “Voidable”
§20:22 Victim Impact
Evidence
§20:22.1 Victim Impact Evidence in Non-Capital Cases
§20:22.2 Victim Impact Evidence in Capital Cases
§20:22.3 Execution-Impact Evidence
§20:23 Victim
Character Evidence
§20:24 Extraneous
Offenses and Bad Acts
§20:24.1 Admissibility of Extraneous Offenses and Bad Acts Under
Art. 37.07
§20:24.2 Form: Motion to Declare Crim. Proc. Art. 37.07, §3(a),
Unconstitutional
§20:24.3 Form: Defendant’s Objection to Use of Unadjudicated
Extraneous Offenses
§20:24.4 Admissibility of Extraneous Offenses and Bad Acts in
Rebuttal to Defensive Evidence
§20:24.5 Extraneous Offenses Under Art. 37.071
§20:25 Evidence of
Character of Defendant
§20:25.1 Reputation Evidence of Defendant’s Character
§20:25.2 Cross-Examining Reputation Witness
§20:25.3 Opinion Evidence of Defendant’s Character
§20:25.4 Cross-Examining Opinion Witness
§20:25.5 Gang Affiliation Evidence of Defendant’s Character
§20:25.6 Other Evidence of Defendant’s Character
§20:26 Prior Criminal
Record of Defendant
§20:27 Evidence in
Mitigation of Punishment
§20:28 Notice of
Intent to Use Art. 37.07 Evidence
§20:28.1 Notice in General
§20:28.2 Requesting Notice
§20:28.3 Reasonableness of Notice
§20:28.4 Sufficiency of Notice
§20:28.5 Form: Request for Notice of State’s Intention to
Introduce Evidence of Other Crimes, Wrongs or Acts Under Article 37.07
§20:29 Right to
Silence at Punishment Hearing
§20:30 Sudden
Passion Evidence in Murder Cases
§20:40
Miscellaneous Punishment Provisions
§20:41 Reduction of
Punishment to Class A Misdemeanor
§20:42 Plea in Bar
§20:43 Limited Use of
Prior Convictions
§§20:50 – 20:80
[Reserved]
§20:90 Community
Supervision
§20:91 General
Provisions
§20:91.1 Definition of Community Supervision
§20:91.2 Constitutional Authority for Community Supervision
§20:91.3 Purpose of Community Supervision
§20:91.4 Eligibility for Community Supervision
§20:91.5 Judge Ordered Community Supervision and Limitations
§20:91.6 Jury Recommended Community Supervision and Limitations
§20:91.7 Judge Ordered Deferred Adjudication and Limitations
§20:91.7.1
Deferred Adjudication in Sex Offenses
§20:91.8 Jury Ordered Deferred Adjudication
§20:92 Term or Length
of Court Ordered Community Supervision
§20:92.1 Felony Cases
§20:92.2 State Jail Felony Cases
§20:92.3 Misdemeanor Cases
§20:92.4 Extensions of Community Supervision Period
§20:92.4.1
Felony Cases
§20:92.4.2
State Jail Felony Cases
§20:92.4.3
Misdemeanor Cases
§20:92.4.4
Extensions of Community Supervision for Sex Offenders
§20:92.5 Early Termination of Community Supervision
§20:92.5.1
Early Termination of Suspended Sentences
§20:92.5.2
Early Termination of Suspended Sentences Not Permitted for Certain
Offenses
§20:92.5.3
Early Termination of Deferred Adjudication Community Supervision
§20:92.5.3.1
Deferred Adjudications for Offenses Committed on or After September
1, 1999
§20:92.5.3.2
Deferred Adjudications for
Offenses Committed Before September 1, 1999
§20:92.5.3.3
No Early Release for Sex Offenders
§20:92.5.4
Form: Motion for Early Release From Community Supervision
§20:92.5.5
Form: Order Reducing and Terminating Probation
§20:92.6 Expiration of Community Supervision
§20:92.6.1
Expiration of Suspended Sentences
§20:92.6.2
Later Use of Expired Suspended Sentences
§20:92.6.3
Expiration of Deferred Adjudication Community Supervision
§20:92.6.3.1
Deferred Adjudications for Offenses Committed on or After September
1, 1999
§20:92.6.3.2
Deferred Adjudications for Offenses Committed Before September 1,
1999
§20:92.6.4
Effect of Dismissal and Discharge of Deferred Adjudication
§20:92.6.5
Later Use of Expired Deferred Adjudications for Sexual Offenses
§20:93 Presentence
Investigations
§20:93.1 In General
§20:93.2 Contents of Report
§20:93.3 Use of Report
§20:93.4 Presentation of Evidence
§20:94 Conditions of
Community Supervision
§20:94.1 In General
§20:94.2 Challenges to Conditions of Probation
§20:94.3 Basic Conditions of Community Supervision
§20:94.3.1
Payments and Restitution
§20:94.3.1.1
Payments That Can and Cannot Be Required
§20:94.3.1.2
Types and Amounts of Restitution
§20:94.3.2
Community Service
§20:94.3.3
Electronic Monitoring
§20:94.4 Other Statutory Conditions of Community Supervision
§20:94.4.1
Confinement as Condition of Community Supervision
§20:94.4.1.1
Confinement in Felony Cases
§20:94.4.1.2
Confinement in State Jail Felony Cases
§20:94.4.1.3
Confinement in Misdemeanor Cases
§20:94.4.2
Educational Conditions
§20:94.4.3
Conditions for Defendants With Mental Impairments
§20:94.5 Conditions Required for Certain Offenses
§20:94.5.1
Sex Offender Conditions
§20:94.5.1.1
Registration of a Sex Offender
§20:94.5.1.2
Supplemental Payments
§20:94.5.1.3
Child Safety Zones
§20:94.5.1.4
No Communication With Victim
§20:94.5.1.5
Psychological Counseling for Offenders and Victims
§20:94.5.1.6
Orchiectomy
§20:94.5.1.7
Submission of DNA Sample
§20:94.5.1.8
Presentence Investigations
§20:94.5.1.9
Treatment for Sex Offenders
§20:94.5.2
Special Conditions for Child Abusers and Family Violence Offenders
§20:94.5.3
Family Violence Offender Conditions
§20:94.5.4
Special Conditions to Protect Children From Violent Offenders
§20:94.5.5
Community Supervision Considerations for Alcohol Offenses
§20:94.5.5.1
Included Offenses
§20:94.5.5.2
Where Jail Time Required as Condition
§20:94.5.5.3
Mandatory Drug and Alcohol Evaluation and Education
§20:94.5.5.4
Deep Lung Breath Analysis (Interlock) Devices
§20:94.5.5.5
Repeat Offenders Education Program
§20:94.5.5.6
Driver’s License Suspension
§20:94.5.5.7
Convictions of Defendants Under Age Twenty-One
§20:94.5.6
Community Supervision Considerations in Controlled Substance Offenses
§20:94.5.7
Conditions for Enhanced Disorderly Conduct and Public Intoxication
Offenses
§20:94.5.8
Conditions in Stalking Cases
§20.94.5.9
Psychological Counseling Conditions
§20:94.5.10 Conditions Where Firearm Made Accessible to Child
§20:94.5.11 Community Supervision for Offenses Committed Because of Bias or
Prejudice
§20:94.6 Alternative Residential Placement as Condition of
Community Supervision
§20:94.6.1
State Boot Camp Program
§20:94.6.1.1
Form: Sample State Boot Camp Order
§20:94.6.2
Substance Abuse Felony Punishment Facility Program (SAFPF)
§20:94.6.2.1
Form: Sample SAFPF Order
§20:94.6.3
State Jail Substance Abuse Treatment Program
§20:94.7 Non-Statutory Conditions of Community Supervision
§20:94.7.1
Special Search Conditions
§20:94.7.2
Non-Statutory Conditions Found to Be Reasonable
§20:94.7.3
Non-Statutory Conditions Found to Be Unreasonable
§20:94.8 Authority to Modify Community Supervision Conditions
§20:94.8.1
Modifications During the Probationary Period
§20:94.8.2
Modifications After Revocation Hearing
§20:95 Shock
Community Supervision
§20:95.1 Shock Community Supervision in Felony Cases
§20:95.2 Shock Probation in State Jail Felony Cases
§20:95.3 Shock Community Supervision in Misdemeanor Cases
§20:95.4 Duties of Clerk and Receipt of Documents
§20:95.5 Court Can Deny Without Hearing — Hearing Required to
Grant
§20:95.6 Form: Sample Motion for Shock Probation
§20:96 Revocation of
Community Supervision
§20:96.1 In General
§20:96.2 Form: Written Admonishments of Revocation of Probation
§20:96.3 Adjudication and Revocation of State Jail Felonies — In
General
§20:96.4 Double Jeopardy and Collateral Estoppel Principles in
Revocation Proceedings
§20:96.5 Right to Bail in Revocation Proceeding
§20:96.6 Right to Speedy Revocation Hearing
§20:96.7 Defendant’s Due Process Rights
§20:96.8 Requirements of Motion to Revoke
§20:96.8.1
Notice Requirement
§20:96.8.2
Pleading Requirements
§20:96.8.3
Motions to Quash Revocation Petition
§20:96.8.4
Time for Filing Petition to Revoke
§20:96.8.5
Amending Motion to Revoke in Felony Cases
§20:96.8.6
Amending Motion to Revoke in Misdemeanor Cases
§20:96.8.7
Subsequent Motions to Revoke
§20:96.9 Revocation Hearings
§20:96.9.1
Right to Counsel
§20:96.9.2
Right of Informed Self-Representation
§20:96.9.3
Right to Ten Days of Preparation Time
§20:96.9.4
Burden of Proof at Revocation Hearings
§20:96.9.5
Continuing Revocation Hearing
§20:96.9.6
Evidence at Revocation Hearings
§20:96.9.7
Proof of Specific Elements at Revocation Hearings
§20:96.9.7.1
Proof of Date of Violation
§20:96.9.7.2
Proof of Defendant’s Identity
§20:96.9.7.3
Proof of New Offenses
§20:96.9.7.4
Proof of Failure to Report to Supervision Officer; Specificity
§20:96.9.7.5
Proof of Failure to Attend Treatment Programs
§20:96.9.7.6
Proof of Engaging in Injurious or Vicious Habits
§20:96.9.7.7
Proof of Prohibited Use of Controlled Substances
§20:96.9.7.8
Proof of Failed Urinalysis
§20:96.9.7.9
Proof of Failure to Avoid Disreputable Places
§20:96.9.7.10
Proof of Prohibited Consumption of Alcohol
§20:96.9.7.11
Proof of Leaving County
§20:96.9.7.12
Proof of Failure to Maintain Suitable Employment
§20:96.9.7.13
Proof of Non-Payment of Fees, Court Costs, Restitution, Etc.
§20:96.9.7.14
Failure to Fully Participate in Treatment
§20:96.9.7.15
Violations of Other Conditions
§20:96.9.8
No Right to Withdraw Plea of True
§20:96.10 Due Diligence Requirement in Revocation Proceedings
§20:96.10.1 Due Diligence Found
§20:96.10.2 Lack of Due Diligence Found
§20:96.10.3 Form: Defendant’s Due Diligence Motion
§20:97 Revocation of
Defendant in Penal Institution
§20:97.1 Form: Waiver of Hearing of Defendant in Penal Institution
§20:98 Sentencing
After Revocation
§20:99 Appeal of
Probations and Probation Revocations
§20:99.1 Appeal of Straight Probations
§20:99.2 Appeal of Deferred Adjudications
§20:99.3 Right to Be Adjudicated From Adjudication
§20:100 Cumulation (“Stacking”)
of Sentences
§20:101 Statutory Law
§20:102 In General
§20:103 Cumulation of Cases Tried
Together
§20:104 Mandatory Cumulation
§20:105 Timing of Cumulation
Order
§20:106 Trial Court’s Cumulation
Order
§20:107 Offer of Proof
§20:108 Preservation of Error
§20:109 Form: Sample Cumulation Order
§20:110 Cruel and Unusual
Punishment
§20:111 Constitutional Provisions
§20:112 Statutory Provisions
§20:113 Cruel and Unusual
Punishment Analysis
§20:113.1 Non-Capital Cases
§20:113.2 Capital Cases
§20:114 Disproportionate
Sentencing
§20:120 Sentencing
§20:121 General Provisions
Chapter 21.
Post-Trial Issues
§21:10 Reasonable
Doubt
§21:20 Sufficiency
of Evidence
§21:20.1 Legal Sufficiency
§21:20.2 Factual Sufficiency
§21:20.3 Evidence in Sufficiency Review
§21:20.4 Affirmative Link Analysis
§21:20.5 Sufficiency in Drug Cases
§21:30 [Reserved]
§21:40 New Trials
§21:40.1 General Points
§21:40.2 Grounds for New Trial
§21:40.3 Filing the Motion
§21:40.4 Presenting the Motion
§21:40.5 Right to Hearing
§21:40.6 The Hearing
§21:50 Appeals
§21:51 Forms for
Appeals
§21:60 State’s
Appeals
§21:70 Habeas
Corpus
§21:71 Jurisdiction
§21:72
Post-Conviction Relief
§21:72.1 Final Convictions (Non-Death Penalty)
§21:72.2 Community Supervision Cases
§21:73 Requisites of
Petition
§21:74 Burden of
Proof
§21:75 Procedure
§21:76 Procedure
After Refusal of Writ
§21:77 Procedure
After Granting of Writ and Refusal of Relief
§21:78 Time Credits
§21:78.1 Applicable Statutes
§21:80
Post-Conviction DNA Testing
§21:90 Correcting
Judgments
Chapter 22.
Expunctions and Non-Disclosures
§22:10 Introduction
§22:20 Right to
Expunction
§22:21 Persons
Eligible for Expunction of Criminal Arrest Records
§22:21.1 Statutory Law
§§22:21.2 – 22:21.3
[Reserved]
§22:21.4 Requirement of “Arrest”
§22:21.5 Expunctions in Truancy Cases
§22:30 Expunction
Following Acquittal or Pardon
§22:40 Expunction
Following Dismissal
§22:41 Expunction
Supported
§22:42 Expunction Not
Supported
§22:43 Misdemeanors
§22:50 Expunction
Following No Bill or Lack of Presentment of Charging Instrument
§22:60 Expunction
of Records From Arrests and Offenses Which Were Plead in Bar Pursuant to
Section 12.45
§22:70 [Reserved]
§22:80 Case Law
Governing Expunction Procedure
§22:81 In General
§22:82 Venue
§22:83 Jurisdiction
§22:84 Representation
§22:90 Destruction
and Return of Records Subject to Expunction Order
§22:100 Effect of Expunction
Order
§22:110 Violation of Valid
Expunction Order
§22:120 Forms for Expunction of
Arrest Records
§22:121 Form: Motion for
Expunction of Records
§22:122 Form: Order of Expunction
§22:130 Non-Disclosure of
Criminal History Information
§22:140 Texas Department of
Public Safety
Appendix
Table of Authorities
Table of Cases
Index
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